Since the strong earthquakes in Syria And Turkey, world headlines were deluged with worrying news and every country was alarmed that something similar might happen to them. For this reason, a current study is trying to predict when and how strong an earthquake will be.
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A group of researchers from the University of Texas at Austin led this study in which they found a phenomenon of friction in the bugs that allows us to know when and with what force they move, and thus have the ability to be able to do so before be better prevented from an earthquake.
This phenomenon, called “friction conservation” (a fault’s ability to amplify and store energy between earthquakes), determines how quickly fault surfaces bond or heal after an earthquake.
Therefore, a bug that regains strength more slowly is more likely to release energy harmlessly, i.e. slowly slide. A fast-healing bug stores this energy until released all at once in a large and damaging earthquake.
Of course, the finding alone cannot predict when the next earthquake will occur, but it will be of great help to professionals studying the causes and potential of a large and damaging earthquake, the authors said.
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For this discovery, researchers measured the frictional properties of rocks in the Hikurangi subduction zone (slides under) off the coast of New Zealand at speeds of 50 to 60 millimeters per minute, National Geographic reports.
By compressing the rock samples together in a hydraulic press, they found that clay-rich rocks took a long time to “harden” and slipped easily. They put the data into a computer model of the fault and discovered a small slow-motion tremor every two years that matches real-world observations almost exactly.
With the right sampling and field observations, one can now begin making testable predictions of how large and how often large seismic slide events may occur on other large faults.
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