The military searched numerous houses in Qibya village and arrested five people there and another in the town of Birzeit, both in Ramallah governorate, local media reported.
Arrests were also reported in the cities of Nablus and Bethlehem, and in the small towns of Awarta, Sair, Dora and Tammun.
Accompanied by a large police presence, dozens of settlers broke into the Esplanade of Mosques, located in the eastern part of the so-called holy city.
The site is revered by both Muslims, who call it the Noble Sanctuary, and Jews, who know it as the Temple Mount.
Due to agreements made decades ago, Jews are only allowed to visit the site under numerous conditions, but not to pray.
However, under increasing pressure from right-wing and ultra-Orthodox circles, the number of followers of this religion who tried to pray there increased, which Muslims perceive as a provocation.
In the 1967 war, Israel occupied the eastern part of the metropolis and has maintained control of the area ever since, despite claims of various UN Security Council resolutions.
npg/rob