More and more transport companies are considering purchasing battery-electric trucks. However, the use of lithium batteries in vehicles is not without risk. This was explained by André Bourassa, specialist in fighting fires and flammable vapors using an encapsulation technique at Hazard Control Technologies, during a conference at the Via Prévention 2023 conference.
In his lecture entitled “Issues and risks related to lithium batteries: how to protect yourself?” André Bourassa reminds us that “lithium batteries are present in almost all areas of our lives”.
André Bourassa during his conference (Photo: David Simard-Jean)
However, it is possible for an accident to happen to the lithium battery. This may not result in a small electric shock, but rather a violent fire that can last for a long time.
Problems often arise from not knowing how a lithium battery works properly. “One of the biggest problems is the fact that people either make specific modifications or, when their charger is defective, they replace it with an unsuitable one,” explains André Bourassa.
There are many causes of errors, such as: B. Battery contamination and contamination, overcharging, short circuit, electrical overload, physical damage or excessive heat.
Several incidents of lithium battery combustion have caused thousands of dollars in damages. But in addition to fires, the battery can also release toxic fumes into the air and contaminate wastewater.
However, there are several protective measures, such as: Such as proper packaging, handling and transportation of the battery, gas, heat and oxygen detection, the use of automatic sprinklers, portable fire extinguishers and prevention training.
André Bourassa specifies that simple, normal fire extinguishers will not be enough to completely extinguish the battery fire. In fact, the battery fire is caused by heat inside that a simple powder fire extinguisher cannot extinguish. It is therefore advisable to use fire extinguishers manufactured according to the UNI EN 3-7 standard and which provide immediate results.
Battery storage also needs to be taken into account. André Bourassa recommends labeling batteries with a “spontaneous ignition” warning. He also mentioned Propulsion Québec’s research report entitled “Calibration of best practices for lithium-ion battery storage,” the conclusion of which highlights the effectiveness of the encapsulation technique.
Mr. Bourassa also promotes training on safety principles related to lithium batteries, risk prevention and the implementation of personalized safety systems.
André Bourassa does not neglect the ecological footprint of the battery, despite the dangers associated with it. While he agrees that production is not as carbon neutral as possible, he recognizes that the lithium battery is recyclable, unlike other “fuels”. “There are people who have some reluctance towards lithium batteries, but not all the oil we burn while traveling can be recycled. On the other hand, the battery can be treated at the end of its life.”